The year 2025 was marked by notable highs and lows for Nigeria’s aviation sector, with developments ranging from unprecedented infrastructure investments to incidents of unruly passenger behavior and aviation safety challenges.

Major Infrastructure Boost

In a historic move, the Old Terminal at Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA), Lagos, received government approval for full renovation and modernization at a cost of N712 billion. The project, awarded to China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation (CCECC), is set for 22 months of work under the Renewed Hope Infrastructure Development Fund, drawing both praise and criticism from industry stakeholders.

Unruly Passenger Incidents

2025 saw several high-profile cases of passenger misconduct. Among them:

• January 8: Chiamaka Ubani delayed a Uyo-Abuja flight, inconveniencing 89 passengers.
• August 5: Fuji musician KWAM1 caused a disturbance at Nnamdi Azikiwe Airport, Abuja, leading to the suspension of two pilots.
• August 10: Comfort Emmanson clashed with crew and airport security over phone usage, prompting new NCAA directives prohibiting the use of electronic devices during critical flight phases.

Airfare and State-Owned Airlines

Domestic ticket prices surged in 2025, with some one-way fares reportedly reaching N650,000, sparking Senate inquiries and public debates. Airlines attributed the rise to high operating costs and multiple levies.

Meanwhile, Enugu State launched “Enugu Air”, joining other states like Ogun and Cross River in exploring regional airlines to enhance connectivity and competition.

Safety and Pilot Concerns

Safety issues remained in focus. Emergency landings included a United Airlines flight from Lagos to Washington, which returned to MMIA after turbulence in Ivory Coast airspace, resulting in minor and serious injuries among passengers and crew. Additionally, a Skypower Express Cessna 172 crashed at Sam Mbakwe International Airport, Owerri, though no fatalities occurred.

Claims of pilot substance abuse, raised by Senator Orji Kalu, drew pushback from the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) and the National Association of Aircraft Pilots and Engineers (NAAPE), both defending the professionalism and regulatory compliance of Nigerian pilots.

International Engagements

In 2025, Nigeria strengthened international aviation ties, signing a bilateral air service agreement (BASA) with Brazil to improve connectivity and trade.

A diplomatic breakthrough also enabled Air Peace to secure a long-awaited Heathrow slot, commencing direct flights from Abuja in October, a milestone for international air travel for Nigerians.

Other Highlights

• Hosting Nigeria’s first international airshow.
• Continued debates on aviation taxation, including a new 11.5% security levy for international passengers.

As 2025 closes, the sector reflects both progress and persistent challenges, setting the stage for further reforms and investments in 2026.