Mogadishu/Washington, 17 Dec 2025 – The United States has dramatically escalated airstrikes in Somalia under President Donald Trump, carrying out at least 111 attacks since January 2025, surpassing totals under the Bush, Obama, and Biden administrations combined.

The US Africa Command (AFRICOM) conducted its most recent strike on December 14, targeting al-Shabaab fighters northeast of Kismayo. The intensified campaign began in February and marks a significant departure from previous approaches, with Pentagon officials describing some operations as among the largest airstrikes ever launched from a carrier.

Targeting al-Shabaab and ISIL

The campaign primarily targets al-Shabaab, an al-Qaeda affiliate controlling southern Somalia, and ISIL-Somalia, concentrated in the northeast. More than half the strikes support Somalia’s Puntland region in countering ISIL-Somalia, while the remainder backs Somali National Army efforts against al-Shabaab advances.

Civilians and Controversy

The surge has raised concerns over civilian casualties. Reports indicate at least 11 civilians, including seven children, were killed in a November 15 strike in Lower Jubba. AFRICOM confirmed strikes supporting Somali troops but has stopped providing casualty assessments.

Expanded Military Authority

The escalation follows a Pentagon directive reversing Biden-era restrictions, allowing commanders broader authority to launch strikes without White House approval. Analysts suggest a “demand signal from the White House” has fueled the offensive.

Meanwhile, Trump has also made controversial statements targeting Somali immigrants in Minnesota, prompting criticism domestically and internationally.